Apache Airflow is an open-source platform designed for orchestrating complex data workflows and machine learning tasks through a Python-based architecture that integrates well with other Python tools. Its web-based interface facilitates task monitoring and management, while features like task dependency management and retries enhance workflow efficiency. Airflow's modular architecture includes components such as a web server, scheduler, and various executors, each serving specific functions to ensure flexibility and scalability in data processing workflows. Users can define workflows using Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) and operators, which simplify task execution and maintenance. Operators such as BashOperator, PythonOperator, and PostgresOperator enable interaction with external systems, while connections and hooks provide reusable credentials and simplified interfaces for these interactions. The article also outlines best practices for using Apache Airflow, including selecting the appropriate executor, employing sensors to trigger tasks, and utilizing XCom for data sharing between tasks. Additionally, the guide explains how to install Airflow via Docker, along with detailed steps for setting up and running ETL pipelines, highlighting the versatility and continual improvement of Airflow as a tool for data engineers.