Kubernetes is a leading container orchestration platform that simplifies workload distribution and fault tolerance but introduces new complexities in monitoring and error detection. Effective Kubernetes monitoring requires a layered approach that covers the cloud provider, operating system, cloud platform, application, and business layers. Each layer addresses specific challenges, from infrastructure stability to application performance and user experience. Observability, through metrics, traces, and logs, plays a crucial role in understanding application behavior, while monitoring solutions provide actionable insights and automated responses to anomalies. Tools like Prometheus, OpenTelemetry, and commercial platforms like Dynatrace offer comprehensive monitoring capabilities, allowing teams to manage Kubernetes environments effectively. These solutions help ensure system stability and customer satisfaction by providing in-depth insights and facilitating rapid response to potential issues.