Zero Trust Data Protection is a security model that assumes no trust for any users or systems, internal or external, until verified, marking a departure from traditional security practices that consider internal networks safe. This model emphasizes continuous verification and strict access controls to mitigate evolving cyber threats such as ransomware and insider breaches, which have demonstrated increased urgency with an 11% rise in ransomware attacks in 2024. Key principles of Zero Trust include never assuming trust, implementing least privilege access, microsegmentation, multi-factor authentication, real-time threat detection, and compliance checks. It adapts dynamically to new threats using AI, machine learning, and cloud-native environments, and has become accessible through Zero Trust as a Service (ZTaaS). Duality Technologies exemplifies this approach by enabling secure collaboration on encrypted data through advanced privacy-enhancing technologies, ensuring robust data protection while facilitating collaboration without direct data access.