Rina Shainski and Shafi Goldwasser, co-founders of Duality Technologies, discuss the evolution and significance of cryptography in a recent meeting. Goldwasser, a distinguished figure in the field, traces her interest in cryptography back to her graduate studies in the 1980s, where she explored number theory and its application to real-world problems. The conversation highlights the growing importance of cryptography due to advancements in cloud computing and the need for data privacy in a data-driven world. This has led to increased public interest in technologies like homomorphic encryption and multiparty computation, which were once known only to academics. Duality Technologies is at the forefront of enabling secure data collaboration without compromising privacy or market power, aiming to enhance efficiency and utility across various industries. They emphasize the role of intermediaries that facilitate data collaboration without accessing the data itself, aligning with the company's mission to responsibly drive innovation in data analytics.