External Attack Surface Management (EASM) has emerged as a crucial defensive strategy in cybersecurity, responding to the challenge of managing the vast and often unrecognized external attack surfaces of organizations. Traditional gate-based security measures are no longer sufficient for safeguarding these surfaces, which include internet-facing systems such as mobile devices, web applications, and cloud infrastructure. EASM programs help organizations monitor and protect these assets by identifying potential vulnerabilities, assessing risks, prioritizing threats, and implementing remediation actions. This approach is vital for keeping pace with the rapid adoption of cloud technologies and digital transformations. EASM emphasizes the importance of integrating both technology and human expertise, encouraging security awareness across the organization, and continuously iterating on processes to address evolving threats. A successful EASM framework can enhance other security initiatives, such as vulnerability management and threat intelligence, by providing comprehensive and proactive protection against cyber threats.