Multi-factor authentication (MFA) and single sign-on (SSO) are advanced alternatives to traditional password-based authentication, each offering distinct advantages in improving security and user experience. MFA enhances security by requiring at least two authentication factors, such as a password combined with a fingerprint scan, although it may still be vulnerable to bypass techniques. On the other hand, SSO simplifies access by allowing users to log in once via an identity provider (IdP), which then grants access to multiple connected apps, though it poses risks if the IdP account is compromised. While MFA is suitable for any situation needing enhanced security over single-factor methods, SSO is ideal for environments requiring seamless access across multiple applications, such as in healthcare or large enterprises. Implementing these systems can be complex, but tools like Descope offer simplified integration with drag-and-drop workflows, enabling developers to incorporate MFA or SSO efficiently and focus on core business objectives.