Monitoring the health and performance of a Windows operating system is crucial for ensuring optimal system resource utilization. A key aspect of this monitoring process is tracking various performance counters, metrics, and events that provide insights into CPU, memory, disk, network, and other resources. The goal is to identify potential bottlenecks, issues, or trends in system behavior before they become critical. This can be achieved by leveraging the Windows Server 2012's built-in tools, such as Performance Monitor (Perfmon), Event Viewer, and PowerShell scripts. By tracking key performance counters like CPU utilization, memory usage, disk space, network throughput, and services status, administrators can quickly identify areas that require attention. Additionally, monitoring system events, including error logs, security-related events, and service startup/stop events, helps to detect issues early on and prevent potential problems from escalating. By implementing these monitoring strategies, organizations can ensure the optimal performance, reliability, and security of their Windows Server 2012 infrastructure.