This text describes the process of migrating an ETL script to a robust Dagster pipeline using Software-Defined Assets. It introduces the concept of ETL, which stands for Extract-Transform-Load, and explains how it is commonly used in data processing. The text then discusses the limitations of traditional ETL scripts, such as development velocity, scheduling, robustness, testability, and storage. It presents an example of a simple ETL script that fetches top Hacker News stories and creates a wordcloud visualization. The script is refactored to use Dagster's software-defined assets, which provide a more modular and maintainable approach to data processing. The text explains how to make the pipeline robust by adding retry policies and freshness policies, increase development velocity by spinning out extract steps into separate assets, abstract away storage using IO Managers, and schedule the pipeline. Finally, it discusses future work and provides links to additional resources for learning more about Dagster and its ecosystem.