Dagster, an open-source platform for data integration and workflow management, can be used to push data out to Google Sheets. The author creates a basic pipeline using Dagster's software-defined assets (SDA) abstraction, which allows for declarative configuration and efficient execution of workflows. By leveraging the pygsheets library, the author can create a custom I/O Manager that reads from and writes to Google Sheets, enabling the creation of a reusable data asset that can be used in multiple pipelines. The example demonstrates how to use Dagster's assets, I/O Managers, and definitions to build a simple pipeline that pulls data from an API, stores it in a Google Sheet, and performs calculations on the data.