AWS Elastic Load Balancers (ELBs) efficiently distribute incoming traffic across multiple targets, ensuring the scalability and reliability of cloud-based platforms by adapting to fluctuating resource demands. ELBs operate at various levels of the OSI model, including application, classic, network, and gateway load balancers, each suited for different networking requirements. By leveraging AWS CloudWatch and third-party analytics services like Coralogix, developers can monitor critical metrics related to load balancer performance, target health, and authorization processes, which are essential for maintaining optimal system operation and identifying potential issues. These metrics provide insights into the number of active connections, data processed, HTTP response codes, and authorization errors, supporting developers in cost-effective resource allocation and proactive system management.