How We Horizontally Scaled Function Execution

Convex has developed a horizontally scalable function execution system designed to streamline backend engineering by allowing developers to focus on writing core business logic rather than managing databases and cloud services. The platform enables developers to write transactional queries and mutations in JavaScript or TypeScript that read and write data atomically from a custom database using optimistic concurrency control. To address scalability challenges, Convex introduced Funrun, a new multi-tenant service that executes functions from any Convex deployment, overcoming the limitations of running functions within a single backend process using V8, which could handle only 128 concurrent threads. Funrun operates as a read-only gRPC service that efficiently manages data snapshots and function execution, minimizing latency through caching strategies and consistent request routing. This innovation allows Convex to handle significantly more concurrent functions without a performance trade-off, thereby supporting the scalability needs of modern full-stack AI projects.

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