Cluster Autoscaler is an autoscaling mechanism in Kubernetes that dynamically scales the number of nodes in a cluster based on current utilization, minimizing cloud waste and maximizing ROI from every dollar spent on cloud services. It operates at the infrastructure level, requiring permission to add and delete virtual machines, and should be configured with airtight security for credentials. Cluster Autoscaler works by checking for unschedulable pods, calculating whether consolidating them on fewer nodes is possible, and adding or removing nodes as needed. However, it has limitations, such as not considering CPU or memory utilization in its decision-making process, which can lead to wasted capacity and low utilization efficiency. An alternative to the Cluster Autoscaler Helm Chart is CAST AI autoscaler, a managed service that chooses instance types based on preferences and cloud provider pricing and availability, offering easier configuration and scalability management without performance issues.