Mapnik and PostGIS are both used for rendering map tiles, but they differ in how they generate these tiles. Mapnik uses a combination of Postgres and PostGIS to render tiles, whereas PostGIS's ST_AsMVT function allows users to create full tiles from SQL queries directly in the database. A benchmark was conducted to compare the execution times of both methods, with the results showing that rendering tiles straight from the database using ST_AsMVT is significantly faster than using Mapnik, especially for large datasets. However, the difference in speed comes at the cost of additional complexity and potential overhead due to data transfer and conversion between internal representations. The use of MVTs as a building block in the database offers flexibility and can potentially offload CPU-intensive encoding operations from the tiler.