AI has advanced significantly, with chatbots like ChatGPT that can engage in casual conversations and provide responses that may feel too familiar or even jarring. To understand AI, one must first consider what makes humans intelligent, including acquiring knowledge through experience, applying logic and reasoning, adapting behaviors to changing circumstances, making choices based on available information, perceiving and understanding the world, generating novel ideas, and artistic expressions. At its core, an AI model is an input/output system that uses algorithms and large amounts of data to accomplish constant thinking, often using machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, computer vision, or other techniques to analyze and understand data. Foundation models serve as base models for specific tasks, while generative AI can create original text, images, videos, and media in response to prompts. Agentic AI systems pursue goals through a series of actions, often with minimal human intervention. Testing AI accuracy involves benchmarking against standards, such as Humanity's Last Exam, which has achieved scores of up to 20.3% so far.