How BodoSQL Uses and Extends Apache Calcite: From SQL Text to Optimized Execution Plans
Blog post from Bodo
BodoSQL relies on a customized version of Apache Calcite to transform SQL queries into optimized physical plans for its C++ analytics backend. Calcite supplies the parser, validator, SQL-to-relational-algebra converter, schemas, and optimization framework, while BodoSQL extends these components to support Snowflake-style syntax and semantics, external catalog metadata, custom relational nodes, and specialized query behavior. Queries progress from a SQL abstract syntax tree through validation and logical relational planning before optimization combines Calcite’s rule-based HEP planner for transformations such as filter pushdown with its cost-based Volcano planner for selecting efficient join orders and physical operators. BodoSQL then applies additional physical-plan optimizations, including subplan caching and runtime join filters, to reduce redundant work and data processing. Although many adaptations use Calcite’s public extension points, some require modifying internal Calcite code; BodoSQL manages these changes through duplicated source files, Maven Shade replacements, annotations, and manual reconciliation during upstream upgrades to limit maintenance overhead.
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