Speculative decoding is an inference-time optimization technique aimed at accelerating the token generation process in large language models (LLMs) without compromising output quality. This method involves using a smaller draft model to predict several tokens in advance, which are then verified in parallel by a larger target model, thereby reducing sequential processing and improving GPU utilization. The effectiveness of speculative decoding relies heavily on the acceptance rate, which measures how often the target model accepts the draft model’s predictions; this rate can fluctuate based on decoding strategies and specific application domains. Real-world applications of speculative decoding, such as in AI chatbots and code completion tools, demonstrate significant speedups, but achieving optimal performance often requires training a custom draft model tailored to specific workloads. While speculative decoding can provide up to 3× faster inference speeds, it is most effective when the draft model closely aligns with the target model’s distribution, highlighting the need for domain-specific training to maximize efficiency.