What questions to ask when securing bank account numbers?
Blog post from Basis Theory
Nacha’s Supplemental Data Security Rule for ACH bank account numbers does not prescribe specific technical solutions, but its references to PCI DSS suggest expectations for industry-standard encryption of stored and transmitted data, minimal data collection and retention, authenticated and least-privilege access, comprehensive logging, and at least one year of log retention. Organizations can render account numbers unreadable through truncation, destruction, encryption, or tokenization, with the appropriate approach depending on how frequently the data must be reused, how many systems handle it, and the company’s technical resources and compliance timeline. The discussion argues that truncation and deletion may be unsuitable for recurring payment use cases, while encryption can work for smaller implementations but becomes harder to manage at scale because of key rotation, infrastructure maintenance, and evolving standards. Combining encryption with tokenization can reduce the number of applications that store sensitive data by allowing systems to use non-sensitive token references, and businesses must weigh whether to build and maintain such capabilities internally or use a specialized provider.
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