Building a GraphQL server in Go with go-graphql enables developers to create a robust and efficient API using the popular programming language. The process involves setting up a schema, defining resolvers for data retrieval and manipulation, and embedding a GraphQL IDE like Apollo Sandbox for exploration and development. With this tutorial, developers can learn how to build a GraphQL server in Go, including creating a schema, defining resolvers, and integrating it with a web server using the graphql-go-handler package. The example uses a fictional "Bestiary" API to demonstrate the capabilities of GraphQL in Go.