The Java Rate Limiting Service is designed to work with the Edge Stack API Gateway and can be customized to fit various rate limiting algorithms. The code is built using the Envoy proxy's gRPC interface, which allows for flexibility in implementing custom logic. The service uses a token-bucket algorithm to limit requests, and it can be scaled horizontally without affecting the rate limiting functionality. The Ambassador Java rate limiting service is easy to understand and can be integrated into the Edge Stack API Gateway with ease.