Spring Data Aerospike supports creating secondary indexes in Aerospike, allowing for modeling one-to-many relationships and improving query performance. Two methods are available to create secondary indexes: using the `createIndex` method of the `AerospikeTemplate`, or by annotating a field with the `@Indexed` annotation on an entity class. The first approach involves creating the index at application startup manually, while the second approach allows for automatic creation of secondary indexes based on annotations in the entity class. Both methods can be used to improve query performance and data modeling capabilities in applications using Spring Data Aerospike.