In a conversation with David Julia, Head of Engineering at Eagle.io, the discussion centered around the significance of cost attribution in their environmental IoT platform, which is used for various applications such as water and natural resource monitoring. Eagle.io operates as a multi-tenant SaaS platform mainly on AWS, providing a higher-level solution compared to basic IoT services from providers like AWS IoT Core or Azure IoT. The company helps users quickly analyze and alert on data without dealing with complex configurations. Cost attribution is crucial for understanding the financial impact of adding new customers and ensuring the platform's pricing model is sustainable and profitable. This need became evident when negotiating with an enterprise customer who planned to drastically increase their platform usage, prompting Eagle.io to reassess their pricing and cost structures to maintain a healthy gross margin.