What is a "service" in a microservices architecture?

Microservices architecture represents a shift from traditional monolithic applications to distributed, lightweight, and scalable service-based applications, facilitated by tools like Docker and Kubernetes. Unlike monoliths, which bundle all functionalities into a single package, microservices divide applications into discrete, independently manageable services that communicate over a network. This approach allows for easier scalability, faster deployment, and more efficient resource use, while also introducing complexities such as increased network latency and architectural intricacies. Each service in a microservices architecture is lightweight, has a clearly defined boundary, is independently manageable, and is easily scalable, allowing teams to deploy changes autonomously without affecting other services. The transition to microservices also alters development processes, reducing the overhead associated with monolithic codebases and enabling teams to deploy new features or fixes without extensive coordination. Container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes play a crucial role in deploying and managing these services efficiently across multiple hosts, aiming to enhance the speed and reliability of application deployment and scaling compared to monolithic architectures.