Shimon Brathwaite provides a detailed review of the changes in the OWASP Top 10 list of web application vulnerabilities from 2017 to 2021, highlighting the evolving security landscape for developers. The new top vulnerability is broken access control, which indicates a widespread issue with implementing proper user permissions in applications. Cryptographic failures have moved up the list, emphasizing the need for better secret management, while injection attacks have decreased in rank, likely due to improved input validation practices. Other notable vulnerabilities include insecure design, security misconfiguration, and software and data integrity failures, each posing unique risks to application security. Brathwaite notes that OWASP has not separately identified secret exposure as a distinct vulnerability, despite its prevalence as highlighted by GitGuardian's findings. Overall, the OWASP Top 10 serves as a crucial guide for identifying and mitigating potential security threats in web applications, although Brathwaite suggests that further differentiation between cryptographic failures and secret exposure could enhance its effectiveness.