Best practices for managing and storing secrets including API keys and other credentials [cheat sheet included]

Managing secrets such as API keys and credentials is a complex task that requires a proactive and informed approach, as even stringent policies can be bypassed for convenience. Best practices for secret management include avoiding the storage of unencrypted secrets in git repositories, refraining from using wildcard commands that may inadvertently capture sensitive files, and not relying solely on code reviews to catch secret leaks. The use of automated secret scanning tools, like GitGuardian, is emphasized to enhance visibility and detect hidden secrets. Encrypting secrets within repositories, using environment variables, and considering "Secrets as a Service" solutions like Hashicorp Vault or AWS Key Management Service are recommended strategies. Restricting API permissions, IP whitelisting, and employing short-lived secrets are crucial for limiting potential damage and unauthorized access. Ultimately, secret management is a continuous, active strategy that must be customized according to the project's specific needs and requires ongoing vigilance from developers.

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