Scrapy and Playwright are two open-source tools used for web scraping, each with distinct features and limitations. Scrapy, developed in Python, is optimized for fast data extraction from static HTML pages and excels in handling parallel requests, crawling, and data export in formats like JSON and CSV. However, it struggles with JavaScript-heavy websites, requiring additional tools like Splash for dynamic content. Playwright, developed by Microsoft, is a browser automation framework capable of handling multiple browsers and dynamic content, making it ideal for sites relying on JavaScript. It is easier to set up for those familiar with browser automation, but requires more manual effort for features like proxy integration and data export. Scrapy is preferable for large-scale data extraction with built-in crawling support, while Playwright is suited for JavaScript-heavy sites and complex user interactions. Both tools face challenges such as IP bans and CAPTCHAs, which can be mitigated using proxy servers and anti-bot solutions.