The article provides a comprehensive comparison between IPv4 and IPv6, detailing their definitions, similarities, and differences. IPv4, the fourth version of the Internet Protocol, has been the most widely used since its introduction in 1982, largely due to its effectiveness and widespread adoption. However, IPv6 was developed to address the limitations of IPv4, particularly the exhaustion of IP addresses, offering a vastly larger address space with 128-bit addresses. IPv6 also introduces improvements such as stateless address autoconfiguration, more efficient routing, and built-in security features like IPsec, making it better suited for modern digital ecosystems like IoT and 5G networks. Despite these advantages, IPv6 adoption remains limited due to the continued sufficiency of IPv4 for many users and the challenges associated with transitioning to a new protocol. The article highlights the reasons for the slow transition, including the lack of direct user impact and the need for compatibility updates across devices and systems, while also mentioning the role of proxy services in managing IP addresses.