YugabyteDB is a distributed SQL database that provides strong consistency guarantees and high availability during tablet leader failure. It offers multiple solutions using asynchronous replication and streams database events to different destinations as required by the application, allowing database architects to select various patterns for designing a highly available infrastructure. The database employs the RAFT protocol to ensure consistent data replication across different nodes within the same cluster, and it provides read replica configurations that can serve read-only workloads with higher latency if included in the primary cluster. Additionally, YugabyteDB offers xCluster replication, which safeguards against regional failure by replicating data across independent primary clusters asynchronously, and Change Data Capture (CDC) to replicate transactional data quickly for data analytics.