Assert and Verify Methods in Selenium for Robust Testing

Selenium is a popular automated testing tool for web applications that supports multiple programming languages, though it lacks built-in assertion methods necessary for test validations. To address this, testers commonly integrate libraries like JUnit, TestNG, and AssertJ, which offer comprehensive assertion capabilities such as equality checks, truth checks, and exception handling. Assertions are crucial in verifying whether a condition is true or not, with hard assertions halting test execution upon failure, while soft assertions record failures without stopping the test. Despite Selenium's robust assertion libraries, its reliance on traditional element locators can lead to false positives if element properties change, compromising test reliability. In contrast, modern tools like testRigor simplify the process by eliminating dependency on element locators, enabling faster and more reliable test script creation through natural language inputs, which significantly accelerates test automation and reduces maintenance efforts.