How Low-Latency Video Streaming Works

Low-latency video streaming, integral to platforms like TikTok and Twitch, relies on advanced technologies such as WebRTC, STUN and TURN servers, and adaptive bitrate streaming to overcome challenges like efficient compression and real-time adaptation to network conditions. The concept of latency, or "glass to glass" time, varies by use case, with video chat requiring sub-50ms latency for natural interaction, while other applications like live streaming or gaming have their specific latency requirements. Traditional streaming protocols, such as HLS and DASH, prioritize reliability over speed, leading to multi-second delays due to their segmented delivery approach. In contrast, low-latency systems leverage UDP for immediate packet delivery, and technologies like Selective Forwarding Units (SFUs) to manage bandwidth and connectivity challenges, enabling scalable, real-time video experiences. Stream's SDK offers a simplified approach to implementing low-latency streaming by abstracting complex infrastructure and allowing developers to focus on features rather than the underlying transport layers, facilitating interactive livestreams with sub-second latency for thousands of viewers.