Command Injection in Python: Examples and Prevention

Command injection is a critical security vulnerability that occurs when an attacker is able to execute arbitrary commands on a server by exploiting flaws in application code, often through unsanitized user input. This type of attack can lead to significant damage, including full system compromise, and is not limited to any particular programming language, as even Python, known for its security, can be vulnerable. The article discusses command injection with Python examples, highlighting risky practices such as using the `eval()` and `exec()` functions without proper input validation. It explains how attackers can exploit these functions and the `input()` function, particularly in Python 2.x, to execute harmful commands. To mitigate the risks, it is recommended to validate user input rigorously, use Python 3.x due to its improved security features, and adopt secure coding practices such as Static and Dynamic Application Security Testing (SAST and DAST). Staying informed about vulnerabilities, particularly in open-source packages, is also crucial, and tools like Snyk can help manage this. The article emphasizes the importance of integrating security reviews and automated testing into the development process to create more secure Python applications.