Angular XSS Guide: Examples and Prevention

Securing a web application is crucial to prevent vulnerabilities such as cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, which can exploit user input to compromise a website. In the context of Angular applications, XSS attacks can occur when user inputs are not properly validated and sanitized before entering the Document Object Model (DOM). Angular offers built-in security features like contextual escaping and input sanitization through its [innerHtml], [style], and [href] properties to mitigate these risks. Additionally, Angular's security model treats all inputs as untrusted by default, with DomSanitizer functions available to mark trusted inputs cautiously. The framework discourages direct DOM manipulation using native APIs, recommending Angular patterns instead to maintain secure functionalities. To further enhance security, it suggests implementing Content-Security-Policy headers and Trusted Types, and conducting regular security audits, especially when bypassing Angular's security features. Adhering to Angular’s secure coding practices ensures minimized exposure to XSS attacks, though bypassing these measures should be approached with caution and thorough checks.