The challenge at Snyk's Fetch the Flag CTF 2023, Protect The Environment, involves a base64 encoded path that breaks Flask's ability to automatically chroot static files, leading to a file inclusion attack. The attacker includes the `/proc/<pid>/environ` file instead of a regular file, exploiting the lack of information about the process ID used by Gunicorn workers. A bash script is provided to solve the challenge using `curl`, base64 encoding, and string manipulation to extract the flag from the encoded path.