Modern applications are complex and interconnected, making error logging an essential practice for debugging and maintaining system integrity. Error logging captures and records issues that occur within an application, providing detailed insights into errors, such as their nature, source, severity, and system state at the time of occurrence. Key components of an error log include the timestamp, source, level, message, and context, all of which help developers diagnose and resolve issues efficiently. Logs can be stored in files, databases, or remote services, each with its own set of advantages and challenges, such as scalability, searchability, and cost considerations. Effective error debugging involves using logs to trace errors back to their source, reproducing the issue in a controlled environment, applying a fix, and monitoring logs to ensure the problem is resolved without introducing new issues. Tools like Rollbar offer real-time error management and analysis by automating workflows and integrating with platforms like Jira to streamline the debugging process.