Pulumi aims to simplify serverless programming on AWS by allowing developers to create cloud infrastructure using familiar programming languages, leveraging existing constructs like flow control and inheritance for an intuitive development experience. The platform enables users to create components such as AWS Lambdas using JavaScript functions more easily than traditional methods, reducing complexity in integrating these elements into serverless applications. By providing prebuilt components and a streamlined API, Pulumi facilitates the handling of various AWS resources and events like S3 buckets and Cloudwatch Events, while also offering flexibility to tweak configurations. Developers can create or reference cloud resources, respond to serverless events, and integrate AWS SDK functionalities seamlessly within their applications, exemplified by comprehensive examples such as the Twitter+Athena project.