AWS Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) offers multiple options for managing and scaling Kubernetes clusters, including Fargate, Managed Node Groups, and manually managed EC2 instances, each providing varying levels of control and complexity. Fargate simplifies the process by automatically handling the provisioning, scaling, and scheduling of worker nodes, allowing users to focus on Kubernetes pods without managing the underlying infrastructure. Managed Node Groups offer a middle ground, providing automated scaling with some configuration control, while manually managing EC2 instances allows for the highest level of customization at the cost of increased complexity. The integration of EKS with AWS services like IAM, EBS, and CloudWatch enhances cluster management by aligning with existing AWS security and monitoring practices. The Pulumi platform further simplifies EKS deployment by offering infrastructure as code capabilities, enabling users to easily provision and manage EKS clusters with minimal code.