Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a common issue for web developers, as it restricts web pages from making requests to a different domain than the one that served the initial web page, often leading to errors if not properly configured. The article illustrates a typical scenario where a CORS error occurs when trying to access a locally hosted API from a different origin, such as an Angular app. Developers can address CORS issues by setting the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header directly in the API or using middleware like the 'cors' package that handles various edge cases. Alternatively, developers can configure their development server to proxy requests, as demonstrated with Angular's proxy.conf.json file or through Vite configurations for frameworks like Vue and React. The text highlights the importance of understanding and addressing CORS issues to ensure smooth development workflows and successful project deployments.