Innovations in JavaScript runtimes have expanded beyond Node.js to include contenders like Deno and Bun, each offering distinct advantages tailored to specific needs. Node.js, while popular for its ability to handle numerous connections with non-blocking I/O, faces criticism for security vulnerabilities, package management complexity, and build system intricacies. Deno, developed by Node.js creator Ryan Dahl, prioritizes security with sandboxed code execution, built-in TypeScript support, and reliance on standard modules, aiming to align more closely with browser JavaScript. It also offers additional infrastructure and deployment options, including Deno Deploy. Meanwhile, Bun focuses on performance, leveraging the JavaScriptCore engine for speed and offering streamlined configuration, runtime TypeScript transpilation, and enhanced APIs like Bun.file and SQLite. Although Bun is still young, its emphasis on efficiency and developer experience is drawing attention, particularly for high-performance projects. The choice between these runtimes depends on project requirements, with Node.js suiting long-term stability, Deno offering enhanced security, and Bun excelling in speed and developer convenience.