Data is crucial in developing an effective product strategy, but common statistical paradoxes, such as Simpson's paradox, can lead to misleading insights if not properly addressed. Simpson's paradox occurs when aggregated data shows a trend that is reversed or disappears when the data is broken down into segments, highlighting the importance of segmenting data to avoid false conclusions. Experts like Marty Cagan and Sam Richard emphasize the need for product leaders to immerse themselves in data and analyze it across user journeys, focusing on patterns within important user segments rather than relying solely on aggregate data. Segmenting data not only helps uncover more accurate insights but also reveals hidden trends with significant real-world implications. Despite the challenges, validating insights from data with qualitative techniques and other sources is crucial to avoid costly mistakes and ensure reliable product development.