Mapbox GL JS 0.41 introduces heatmaps, a visually engaging method for exploring large point datasets by using color gradients to represent data density within a particular area. These heatmaps, which are rendered at 60 fps, allow users to smoothly pan and zoom through massive datasets, highlighting clusters of points with customizable style properties such as radius, color, intensity, weight, and opacity. The heatmap design relies on a 2D kernel density estimation using a Gaussian kernel, where each point influences surrounding areas based on its density, which is then translated into colors. By leveraging OpenGL, Mapbox GL efficiently processes data by drawing kernels into an offscreen texture and colorizing them, optimizing performance through techniques such as texture downscaling and additive blending. Unlike other platforms that rely on server-side static image tiles, Mapbox GL's approach allows real-time interactivity and customization of heatmap features, and users can integrate additional capabilities like clustering and data-driven styling for enhanced data visualization.