Web Components adoption guide: Overview, examples, and alternatives

Web Components, a suite of modern web standards, allows developers to create reusable, encapsulated, and interoperable custom elements by expanding HTML with custom tags. The technology leverages multiple standards, including custom elements, shadow DOM, HTML templates, and ES modules, providing a comprehensive toolkit for building complex web components. Web Components offer several advantages, such as improved performance, streamlined development, smaller bundle sizes, and framework agnosticism, although challenges like SEO, accessibility, and tooling ecosystem maturity remain. The guide covers the creation of web components, lifecycle methods, shadow DOM, slots, events, and styling practices. It also compares Web Components with popular JavaScript frameworks, highlighting their native efficiency and interoperability, yet noting the more extensive ecosystems of frameworks like React, Vue, Angular, and Svelte. While Web Components excel in creating standards-compliant elements, frameworks offer more features and community support for full-scale applications, making the choice dependent on specific project needs.