Patterns for efficient DOM manipulation with vanilla JavaScript

In the context of modern web development, while frameworks gain popularity, vanilla JavaScript remains a valuable tool for direct DOM manipulation. The article explores various methods for interacting with the DOM, emphasizing the importance of understanding their efficiency and performance implications. It discusses techniques for selecting elements using querySelector and querySelectorAll, illustrating how specificity can enhance performance. Event handling is addressed through patterns like event delegation, debouncing, and throttling, which can optimize the use of event listeners. The text also covers strategies for manipulating text and adding child elements, pointing out potential performance costs and security risks, especially concerning the use of innerHTML. It highlights the importance of avoiding reflows and layout thrashing, practices that can impact page performance by triggering costly calculations in the browser. Though it acknowledges that some performance gains might be negligible in everyday applications, it stresses the significance of these practices in scenarios where performance is critical, such as animations, to ensure a seamless user experience.