Nested smart contracts: Creating a contract within a contract

Smart contracts, which are programs stored on the blockchain, automatically execute when certain conditions are met, enabling decentralized, intermediary-free transactions. The concept of nested contracts, where one contract is embedded within another, is explored in this context to enhance security by isolating vulnerabilities, allow segmentation of complex logic, and enable code reuse through open-source libraries like OpenZeppelin. The article provides a tutorial on creating and deploying nested smart contracts using Solidity, demonstrating how to call these contracts from both a parent and an external contract. It includes examples such as a loan smart contract and a custom coin minting contract, illustrating the practical applications and benefits of nested contracts. The use of Ethereum units and the integration of external tools like MetaMask for deployment are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of understanding these components for successful contract execution.