Methods for TypeScript runtime type checking

TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript, employs static type checking to manage variable types and enhance code maintainability, unlike JavaScript which performs type checking at runtime. While TypeScript's compile-time type checking prevents type errors from reaching production, it does not inherently handle runtime type validation, which is crucial for ensuring the reliability of external data inputs. The article explores various strategies for implementing runtime type checking in TypeScript, such as using type guards, validation libraries like io-ts and ts-runtime, transpilation, JSON schemas, and manual checks. These methods aim to provide a safety net against invalid inputs and ensure type safety beyond compile time, although each comes with its own set of advantages and challenges. The discussion highlights that a one-size-fits-all solution is impractical; instead, developers should choose an approach based on their specific use case requirements.