Implementing function overloading in TypeScript

Function overloading in TypeScript allows a single function to have multiple signatures, enabling it to behave differently based on the types or number of arguments passed. This technique provides more expressive and efficient code, as demonstrated through examples like the `sayHello` function and a React Hook for route validation. Overloading involves defining overload signatures, which specify parameter types and return types, and an implementation signature, which contains the function's logic. While implementation signatures must be generic and are not directly visible outside the function, they enable the function to handle various argument combinations defined in the overload signatures. Although arrow functions do not directly support overloading due to their syntax, a workaround exists by redefining the function signature. Function overloading offers a type-safe and precise way to handle distinct behaviors, contrasting with union types that work with different but related types. This approach enhances code readability, maintainability, and resilience to bugs, making it a valuable feature for TypeScript developers aiming for sophisticated codebases.