Web workers enable scripts to run in a background thread, allowing the main thread to handle UI tasks without interruptions. This approach is beneficial in applications using TypeScript and Webpack, as it avoids mixing TypeScript with JavaScript and accommodates bundled files. While the Worker class forms the basis for ServiceWorker and SharedWorker, its primary utility lies in executing resource-intensive tasks without hampering web application performance. Workers operate in a separate context, meaning they cannot manipulate DOM elements or access window objects, and they communicate with the main thread through message passing. The text discusses the creation of an InlineWorker class, which facilitates running functions in a separate thread by converting them to strings and generating ObjectURLs. The example provided demonstrates using Angular and RXJS observables to calculate prime numbers in a range, showcasing how workers can process data independently, yielding results to the main thread upon completion. This method enhances user experience by preventing UI blocking during computation-heavy tasks. Web workers are supported by major browsers, making them a valuable tool for modern web development.