JavaScript's function and variable hoisting can be challenging concepts, especially for developers transitioning from other programming languages. Function declarations in JavaScript are hoisted, meaning they can be invoked before their definitions appear in the code, unlike function expressions. This behavior is due to the JavaScript interpreter lifting function declarations to the top of their scope before execution. Similarly, variables declared with the keyword "var" are hoisted, but only their names are moved to the top of the scope, not their initializations. This can lead to unexpected behavior, such as a variable appearing undefined before its assignment occurs. Additionally, function hoisting takes precedence over variable hoisting, which can further complicate understanding. The article illustrates these concepts with examples, demonstrating how JavaScript interprets code, and suggests using "const" and "let" for variable declarations to mitigate the pitfalls associated with "var". Understanding hoisting is crucial for debugging and writing predictable JavaScript code, and tools like LogRocket can aid in the debugging process by providing insights into JavaScript errors and user interactions.