Software development has evolved significantly with the adoption of microservices, leading to the rise of new tools and frameworks such as OpenTelemetry, a prominent open-source observability standard. Emerging in the early 2010s, microservices shifted architecture away from monolithic applications towards smaller, independent services, necessitating tools like Kubernetes for container management and API gateways for cloud application traffic. OpenTelemetry has quickly become the de facto standard for monitoring, tracing, and logging across microservices architectures, simplifying instrumentation and offering a unified framework by merging OpenCensus and OpenTracing. Distributed tracing, a method to track requests through multiple services, is crucial for understanding modern applications' performance, and OpenTelemetry enhances this by integrating tracing with logging and metrics for comprehensive insights and faster troubleshooting. The framework's vendor-agnostic API, SDKs, collectors, and exporters allow seamless integration with various observability tools, ensuring interoperability and promoting ecosystem growth. Since its introduction, OpenTelemetry has seen widespread adoption across industries, offering organizations deep insights into their microservices' performance and reliability, thereby enhancing user experiences and system robustness.