Gradle's built-in caching feature significantly reduces build times by allowing the sharing of task outputs between machines, enabling subsequent builds to reuse those outputs instead of rebuilding them. This feature supports both local and remote caches, with JFrog Artifactory exemplifying the benefits of a remote cache by reducing build time from 11 seconds to 1 second in a demonstration. The process involves storing the build cache in Artifactory, which can then be accessed by subsequent builds, thereby enhancing efficiency in developer environments. By configuring Gradle to use Artifactory, builds become faster, with Artifactory offering additional benefits such as access control, advanced cleanup, and a distributed cache synchronized across teams. This setup not only accelerates local builds but also speeds up those of remote colleagues, promising significant improvements in build efficiency.