Gaurav Nanda discusses the use of Goroutines in Golang to enhance the efficiency of downloading features in devcontainers within Gitspaces, part of Harness' Cloud Development Environment. Features, which add functionality without manual installation, traditionally take a lot of time due to individual processing and dependency resolution. By leveraging Golang's concurrency with Goroutines and channels, this process becomes parallelized, significantly reducing the time spent on feature builds. This is achieved by creating a system that manages a queue of features, processes dependencies, and updates a counter to monitor download progress. Although the current implementation assumes fewer than 100 features, further optimizations such as throttling can improve scalability. This approach not only speeds up the setup of Gitspaces but also enhances developer productivity by allowing more focus on development tasks.