Season two of the "GitHub for Beginners" series delves into the effective use of large language models (LLMs) and the fundamentals of prompt engineering, which are crucial for interacting productively with AI models like GitHub Copilot in Visual Studio Code. The series explains that LLMs, akin to advanced autocomplete systems, predict language by processing text data in units called tokens, with their effectiveness hinging on clear and concise prompts that provide just enough context without overwhelming the model. While LLMs can yield varied outcomes due to their nondeterministic nature, refining prompts through prompt engineering can significantly enhance the quality of responses. This involves understanding limitations such as token limits and avoiding assumption errors by iterating on prompts to ensure they are specific and well-structured. The series also emphasizes that prompt engineering can improve by breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable segments, ensuring clarity and precision in requests, and iterating based on feedback from the AI's responses. Additionally, the series provides resources like a Copilot Chat Cookbook and a cheat sheet to aid users in creating effective prompts and maximizing their use of GitHub Copilot.